Symptoms And Treatments Of Chagas Disease - 1093 Words

Chagas disease occurs in two stages. The severity and course of infection might be different in people infected at different times in life and in different ways. The first stage is the acute stage, which is characterized by the presence of chagomas. This stage lasts for the first few weeks or months of infection. It usually goes unnoticed because it is either asymptomatic, or the infected only exhibit signs/symptoms that are not entirely unique to the disease. This includes headaches, rash (chagomas), loss of appetite, fever, fatigue, body aches. The signs on physical examination may include mild hepatomegaly or splenomegaly and swollen glands. The most recognized marker of acute Chagas disease is called Romana’s sign, which refers to the swelling of the eyelids on the side of the face nearest the initial infection area (CDC, 2013). Even if these symptoms do occur, they usually fade away on their own, which is why the infection usually persists. If left untreated and/or unnot iced, the infected will end up in the chronic stage of the disease. In this stage, the infection may continue to remain silent for decades, or even throughout the entire life. 30% of infected in this stage will develop cardiac complications (cardiomyopathy, heart failure, cardiac arrest) or intestinal complications (megaesophagus, megacolon) (CDC, 2013). For most patients who develop a cardiac complication, it is too late and there is no treatment besides symptomatic. Chagas disease can be diagnosed byShow MoreRelatedDr. Alvarez, A Banana Plantation Worker s Mysterious Ailment1638 Words   |  7 PagesAdrian through his journey of the mysterious disease, diagnosis, and alternative treatment. The doctor diagnosis Adrian with the Chagas disease, which is endemic to Costa Rica and Central South America. The doctor suggests that Adrian should get admitted to a hospital for treatment however; Adrian refuses because he is an illegal immigrant in Costa Rica. Adrian hesitantly takes the prescription from the doctor but wants alternative way to treat his disease so he would not have to see the doctor againRead MoreTypes Of Pathogens That Cause Diseases And Illnesses1313 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction There are many types of pathogens that cause diseases and illnesses. Parasites are one of these pathogens. A parasite is an organism that needs a living host to survive. There are multiple species of parasites that are known today and each one is unique. Medicine has advanced throughout the years, but not all illnesses and diseases can be cured. Parasites can typically be treated with antiparasitic and other types of treatments. Parasites can infect multiple organ systems such as theRead MoreHeart Failure, Cardiac Arrhythmia And Thromboembolism1643 Words   |  7 Pages Cardiac manifestation is in two stages; acute phase characterized by high grade parasitemia with flu-like symptoms: fever, malaise, myalgias, sweating. Cardiac involvement occurs in 90% of cases with conduction abnormalities that last 6-8 weeks. Spontaneous recovery in 95% of the affected patients is expected. Chronic phase indeterminate form in which there is no physical signs or clinical evidence of organ damage with subclinical degree of cardiac involvement after Echo/Holter studyRead MoreDisease Report : Chagas Disease1261 Words   |  6 Pages CHLP 4623 Disease Report: Chagas Disease Hannah M. Lahodny || Dr. Jones || December 16th 2014 Introduction Discovered in 1909 by Carlos Chagas, Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, affects an estimated 8 million individuals annually according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The number of individuals affected by this disease annually makes it a significant, yet preventable, problem. As a chronic parasitic infection, the disease is transmitted by insectsRead MoreMedical Case Study1057 Words   |  5 PagesWhen a disease that has a regular prevalence in a geographic region begins to present a higher incidence rate than the standard, an investigation is can be necessary to verify a possibility of an outbreak (WHO, 2017). When an epidemic occurs in a community or region several people are infected by the same disease that originates from the same source of spread (Gordis, 2014). An outbreak can also be identified when a disease that has already been eradicated or has never been detected in a region infectsRead MorePopulation Of Brazil Has Experienced An Epidemic Pro blem Known As Chagas Disease888 Words   |  4 Pagesknown as Chagas disease, where outbreaks are most common in underdeveloped countries. Shikanai-Yasuda and Carvalho (2012) concluded the etiologic agent of the disease forms in the blood and fluid of infected animals and humans and is transmitted at the bite sites of the triatomine bugs feces. The Amazon Basin in Brazil has experienced another form of transmission, orally, which is now considered the principal form of Chagas disease in the country. The outbreaks of orally transmitted Chagas in BrazilRead MoreLaboratory Techniques Employed in Blood Analysis3315 Words   |  14 Pagesand after a surgery to examine the general health of a patient and measures important chemicals produced and needed in the body. Different abnormalities it could identify such as liver diseases which is caused by excessive alcohol consumption that causes enzymes levels to increase; kidney diseases; pancreatic diseases, etc. M3 Several components of the blood can be separated and used in emergency as blood products for transfusion. These separated blood components are called blood products. A. NameRead MoreA Man Named Carlos Chagas1979 Words   |  8 Pages    A man named Carlos Chagas found the Chagas Disease. He was born in Oliveria, Brazil on 1879. Their family owned a coffee plantation. Carlos’s father passed away when he was around 4 years old. His mother wanted him to study engineering, however, his uncle, who was a physician, sparked his interest in medicine. He told Carlos that Brazil was not industrializing due to endemic disease that was in the country. In 1896, Carlos Chagas studied at Rio de Janeiro. He chose â€Å"Hematological Aspects ofRead MoreHow Does Glycolysis Is Essential For Trypanosoma Brucei ( Tb )1834 Words   |  8 Pagescauses African sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in livestock, and to Trypanosoma cruzi (Tc), that causes Chagas Disease. Hexokinase (HK), the first enzyme in the glycolytic cycle, is a potential and valid target for antitrypanosomal chemotherapy. The three dimensional (3D) structure of a drug target is vital to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the molecular basis of a disease , to gain insights on the impact of genetic variations on the protein structure and function, and to investigateRead MoreNicaragua And Its Effects On The United States1443 Words   |  6 Pagessystem in particular. Families did not have access to any type of medicine, unless they lived in the village and had money to spend. However, this was not the case for many of the families in the village so several of them suffered and fell ill to diseases and infections. Also, the water was not very clean and access to clean water, once again, could only be found in cities. About 50% of the population lives in poverty in which 85% of this population struggle to live on more than one-dollar daily (Balint

Analyzing Theories Of Adult Development - 1965 Words

Analyze Theories of Adult Development Lieu Crews Lifespan Development Thomas Purnell 10/4/2014 Analyze Theories of Adult Development Every adult are goes through a lot of events in life that shape and model their lives, and some are good and some are bad. It is important to know these events, the important life lessons that gain better understanding to life’s mysteries and typically develop the minds of people. All human beings that live through the various phases of life will experience the phases of development regardless of how many people try and avoid them. The physical and psychological realities have been studied by scientist, researches and psychologist throughout time and the goal of this essay, is to†¦show more content†¦The stage theories often concentrates on the age appropriate development tasks to be attained at each stage, the stage theories of human development involve the entire life span, and highlighted the potential of positive changes during very later years of life (Erikson, 1980). The idea of adulthood possesses legal and socio-cultural meaning, the legal concept of an adult is the individual who has gotten to the age at which they are viewed as responsible for their own actions, and for that reason; legally responsible for them (Santrock, 2012). This is known as the age of majority which is the age of eighteen in many cultures, while there is difference from sixteen to twenty one years old of age (Erikson, 1980). The socio-cultural concepts of being an adult is based on what the culture normatively sights as being the required standards for the adulthood which often influence the definitions of the adulthood of people within that certain culture (Erikson, 1980). This may or may not correspond with a legal definition. The views on adult development in the late concentrate on the idea of effective aging, and is described as a low probability of disease and disease related disability, high cognitive, physical function ability, and active proposal with life (Erikson, 1980). The biomedical theories that hold one age effectively by taking care of

The Theories that Withhold Normative Ethics Free Essays

Normative Ethics is a theory of ethics that is based on what ought to be morally right. Most ethical theories are based from a normative base. Normative ethics are based on what ought to be good or bad, right or wrong, and just or unjust. We will write a custom essay sample on The Theories that Withhold Normative Ethics or any similar topic only for you Order Now The ethical principles are ways to describe the actions and behaviors that we perform. There are several theories that apply to normative ethics like utilitarianism, pluralism, and rights based ethics. Utilitarianism is a principle, which approves or disapproves of every action according to whether it increases or diminishes the amount of happiness or good of the interested party. This issue is deeply imbedded in the ever-expanding world of information technology. New technologies like personnel monitoring hit this issue directly. Employers may see short-term benefits of monitoring employees, such as insider trading, efficiency, or performance. But, employers must consider what effect that the monitoring will have on the employees. The overall happiness or good for all the parties involved are not always addressed. The company may see results from their end but the employees may receive an adverse effect. To successfully make a utility-based decision managers must take in to consideration who is going to be influenced by the decision to be made. Pluralism or duty based ethical principles outline some different ideas. Immanuael Kant say the worth of an action is not found in what the person is trying to accomplish but rather the intention that they had. People must perform actions as a function of duty regardless of the consequences. Duty is an obligation to follow universal moral laws. These moral laws are outlined to make sure that projects or objectives do not superceded the worth of human beings. An important IT example would be the use of private customer information in a negative manner. Managers have a right to ensure that customer information especially financial information like credit cards or asset holdings. The managers have a duty to the customers to respect their privacy of information. Companies that provide hardware and software solutions to companies have a duty to provide a quality product. Reliant companies need those systems to run the companies. Manufacturers have a duty to balance profit maximization and quality to ensure that the product is functional for everyone. Rights based ethics focuses on the rights of individuals and respect of people†s rights. There are two different types of rights in this theory. Negative rights are rights that are free from outside interference. Therefore these rights allow people to have certain rights without someone interfering. Positive rights on the other hand are rights that people are entitled to. Examining ethical aspects using this theory people consider whether the action will impede on human or legal rights. Information management has great rights implications. Consumer†s information is located on many databases throughout the nation. Companies have to ensure that consumer†s rights to privacy maintained. Companies often sell information to marketing organizations who put you on other lists that they may sell. Many organizations make a point of telling consumers that their information will remain private. Consumers also want their information to be current and accurate. Information about peoples credit histories and financial information need to be accurate otherwise the customer may be negatively impacted. People make ethical and moral decisions every day. But, what really influences people when they are making decisions. Family has a large part to play in the way that a person views the world. Values and moral are instituted in children by their parents as they grow. The structure of the family may influence the way that children view the actions of their parents and others. Also integrated with the aspect of family are the areas of religion and culture. There are certain practices in different religions that may shape the way an individual view a decision as either moral or ethical. Subjects like sex or drugs may be accepted in various forms from one religion or culture but not another. This may determine how a person may view a decision in the future. Practices vary from country to country. Therefore, a practice like corporate spying my be acceptable in one culture but is frowned upon in ours. Companies may endorse sweatshops in other countries but it is not ethical to do it in the US. Other factors that may influence how someone makes a decision may be based on their socio-economic position in life. A person desperate for money or food my have a different outlook on some moral or ethical decisions. Personal crises alter a persons view on the world and what should be done. Age also plays an important part of how situations are solved. Younger people may view moral and ethical issues lightly because they don†t understand the consequences of the actions. As people grow older their outlook on life becomes altered. Experience makes a person view the whole picture when a decision needs to be made. People†s values change making their moral and ethical instincts stronger. While people age education level varies. Educated people have a different outlook on life than an uneducated person. Having more tools to access allow people to make a more informed decision. All of these different ideas shape the outlook that people have on the world. Individual views of society shape the moral and ethical decision-making process. The factors outlined above and some of the ethical theories we can speculate how ethical dilemmas might be resolved. Ethical dilemmas need to be examined in various steps. First of all you need to assess the ethical issues in the problem. Determine what issues will become a factor in your decision making process. Decide what your moral intuition says on the issue. How do your own personal views shape the issue? Once you have determined your personal stance on the issue, you must examine the ethical frameworks to decide how the issue can be applied. What course of action do the theories point you to? You must decide what conclusions should you follow as well as considering public policy implications. The actual decision needs to be a very informed one. Every side of the issue needs to be addressed from the different ethical theories. The informed decision will create a better outcome because the pros and cons have been addressed before a solution is designed. How to cite The Theories that Withhold Normative Ethics, Essay examples